MICROBIAL DYE DECOLOURIZATION - METHYLENE BLUE

 

MICROBIAL DYE DECOLOURIZATION - METHYLENE BLUE

 

AIM:

To determine decolourise the ability of given Microorganisms to degrade the synthetic dyes

 

           INTRODUCTION:

Synthetic dyes have largely replaced natural dyes over the years. It is estimated that around 10,000 different dyes are currently being produced on an industrial scale, with an annual worldwide. Production volume of around 10,000 tons and about 10 to 15% of those are discarded into nature. When effluents come from dye-based industries like textile industries seems as an principle source and is one of the most threatening our biodiversity. Generally, textile dyes are Mostly aliened into azo, reactine  Hiphenylmethane, heterocyclic, polymeric composition Among etc. all the textile dyes, azo dyes are most suitable to use in the textile industry they are very stable. To light, water, heat, bleach, detergents, and perspiration due to their quality and A conjugated azo bend individuality. Most of the dyes and their converted Product [aromatic amines] have a toxic carcinogenic and mutagenic effect on human and other animals. The dye can reduce light penetration gas solubility and can’ interfere with Phytoplankton photosynthesis that disturb the aquatic environment. It is very complicate to entirely degrade , through conventional methods [Coagulation activated carbon adsorption etc.), I which also results in secondary pollution. In contrast degradation of azo. Dye can be performed by a wide variety of microorganism known as bioremediation.

 A number of Microorganism namely Pseudomonas Aeromonas, proteusmirabiliRhodocoumglaberelo, Bacillus spp, Microlenus latex, staphylococcus aureus and white rot fungus phanerochaete. Has been already reported of having the capability of decoloursing textile dye.

           PRINCIPLE:

Many bacteria have developed system for decolorizing azo dyes contaminated medium, usually based on enzymatic mechanism. The  bacterial degradation of azo dyes typically involves a two step process, the first being a reductive cleavage of bonds, leading to the formation of aromatic amines, which are potentially toxic and second step is based on the degradation of these aromatic amines. The bacterial degradation process can occur in the presence or oxygen, however happens exclusively by aerobic processes. The azoreductases,” laccases, peroxidases are the enzyme commonly involved in dyes  degradation

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Methylene blue, Nutrient booth, bacterial culture [24 hrs old culture] centrifuge tuber Test tubes, Glassware

            PROCEDURE:

·         Prepare and sterilize the Nutrient broth

·          Take 10ml Nutrient broth in series of 3 tubes.

·          Add 1 ml of methylene blue in all the 3 tuber

·          keep 1 tube as a control [Tube 1]

·         Inoculate 0.1ml of culture to the other 2 test tubes [tube 2 and 3]

·         centrifuge the and take to at 4000 rpm. For 20 minutes and observe Op value at 600 nm.( Initial OD )

·         Incubate all the tubes at 37°C for 24 hours.

·         After Incubation centrifuge tube 13 at 4000rpm for 20minute and observe OD value at 600 nm.

·         calculate the percentage of decolourization using the formula

    Decolourization % = Initial OD – Final OD /INITIAL OD ×10

CALCULATION:

Decolourization % = Initial OD – Final OD /INITIAL OD ×10

=1.45-0.45/1.45×10

=69%

OBSERVATION:-

Microscopic  observation showed the reduction of methylene blue for dye from dark blue to pale colors .

RESULT:

The given Microorganisms actively decolourised the Methylene blue days above 60%

DISCUSSION :

Azo dye and synthetic are organic chemical compounds applied in medicines, wood, cosmetics ,fabrics among other products. There chemical 5 of 6ame widely used in the dyeing induct and one percent in 10-65% of commercial formulation thus the search for ways to treat industrial effluent, bio- remediation has received much attention for its lower locks compared to other mechanism and high effectiveness in decoloring dyes in the affected. Environment, as well as generating lass ecological impact like pseudomonas, bacillus ,S.aureus,p.mirabilis  have developed systems for decoloursingazo contaminated medium. Usually based on enzymatic mechanism.